Format Atlas

Lossless and lossy compression

Lossless compression can restore the original data; lossy compression discards information to reduce size. Keep an appropriate source file when future editing matters.

Formats

PNGPNG is a lossless raster image format that supports alpha transparency.FLACFLAC restores the original PCM data after decoding. It is useful for storing audio at a smaller size than uncompressed PCM, but the actual size depends on the source.ZIPZIP packages files and folders into an archive. Compression methods and optional encryption depend on how the archive was created and what the receiving tool supports.JPEGJPEG is a lossy image format used widely for distributing photographs.MP3MP3 reduces audio size through lossy encoding. CBR keeps a constant bitrate, while VBR varies allocation with audio complexity; neither restores the discarded source information.AACAAC is a lossy audio codec standardized by MPEG. It may appear as a .aac file or an audio track inside a container; the codec is not the container.

Compare

JPEG vs PNGJPEG commonly uses lossy compression and suits many photographs, while PNG preserves pixel values losslessly and supports transparency. The choice depends on image content, editing needs, and the destination's requirements.MP3 vs FLACMP3 uses lossy audio compression to reduce file size; FLAC compresses audio losslessly and can restore the original PCM samples. Choose according to delivery size, playback support, and whether an editing or archival master must be preserved.AAC vs MP3AAC and MP3 are lossy audio codecs. Choose by distribution, player, container, and compatibility rather than universal quality claims.

Guides

Choose a photo file formatFor photographs, the best choice depends on whether you prioritize easy sharing, smaller web files, or production and editing requirements.Choose an audio distribution formatFor delivery, check the listener's playback environment as well as file size and whether the source must remain available.

Related formats and reading

File compressionCompression reduces storage or transfer size. An archive such as ZIP can bundle files; a media codec may compress the content itself. Check compatibility and extraction needs.Raster vs vector imagesRaster images store pixels; vector images describe shapes. Photographs usually suit raster formats, while logos and diagrams often benefit from vectors that scale cleanly.

References and specifications